There have been changes to tracking of Tesla’s new inventory data, but individual inventory checks also show very few vehicles available compared to last month. If you want to see more about Mythos AI, you can check them out at new car inventory in the US has plummeted to a new low not seen since the beginning of the discounts as the automaker appears to successfully liquidate its inventory for the end of the quarter. The company is entirely focused on propelling the maritime sector toward an environmentally responsible, resilient, and equitable reality. Mythos AI exists to foster healthy ports and keep global commerce moving as efficiently as possible. Mythos has taken everything their experienced team has learned from self-driving, autonomous passenger vehicles and created an autonomous framework specific to the maritime domain powered by a cloud-based data platform for the purpose of removing human error from marine navigation. I was up on Lake Hartwell in Georgia this week – out on the water in one of Mythos’ autonomous boats, and it’s really pretty amazing technology to see in action. Mythos AI is developing advanced automation and self-driving for marine vessels. Our second company to watch this week is Mythos AI, which is focused on Autonomy in the marine space. If you’re interested in learning more, you can check out PaintJet at Mythos AI Industries they serve include industrial infrastructure, commercial infrastructure, weatherproofing and even painting marine ships.Ĭoncrete, aluminum, or steel – if it has a surface, PainetJet will paint it! PaintJet is focused on new construction painting, with the promise that PaintJet’s advanced technology allows for large-scale projects to be completed faster than average. PaintJet revolutionizes commercial painting by using robotics and advanced data to achieve high-precision applications, reducing overspray and predicting assets’ maintenance life cycles. Our first company to watch this week is PaintJet, a company focused on painting tomorrow’s infrastructure with robotics and AI. Today, we have two new companies to watch: PaintJet & Mythos AI. If you read my weekly Intel Report, delivered to your email inbox at 7:00 AM on Mondays, I showcase a couple of companies to watch, and we take the opportunity here on this segment to share those companies with you. ![]() Companies To WatchĮvery week we highlight interesting companies in the automotive technology space to keep an eye on. I look forward to checking back in a few months to hear how it’s going. The company connects buying and selling franchise dealerships, facilitates payments, and manages the entire delivery process.Īs a result, dealerships turn their floorplan faster and increase monthly revenue.Ĭongratulations to the entire Dealer Trade Network team for providing such an innovative product for dealers. Our guest on the show today is Christian Miller, the CEO of Dealer Trade Network.ĭealer Trade Network is the only company using proprietary data and analytics to inform market strategy and unit placement in the end-to-end new car trade and fulfillment process. ![]() I’ve always been surprised at the lack of solutions to help dealers figure out which new vehicles to stock to both drive more profit and eliminate costs in their operations. ![]() ![]() This week we have a special guest joining the show to help us understand how dealers should be looking at optimizing their new car inventory.
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![]() In the new window, you are also suggested to tick "Render at Maximum Depth" and "Use Maximum Render Quality", and set Bitrate Encoding to "VBR, 2 pass". When everything is OK, press "Ctrl + M" on your keyboard to export the video. If there is any artifact or noise in the video, you can consider to apply the unsharp mask effect for a sharper image. * In some versions of Premiere Pro, you can also apply the "Set to frame size" by going to Edit > Preferences > Media > Default Media Scaling. Just right-click on the video in the timeline and choose "Set to frame size" to remove the black bars. As you can see, there are black bars around the picture. ![]() When an error message "Clip Mismatch Warning" pops up, simply choose "Keep existing settings". Import a 1080p video, and drag it to the timeline. Then, choose presets that match the desired export resolution, such as 4K HD 16x9 23.976. On the main user interface, go to File on the top menu bar > New > Sequence. Launch Premiere Pro, create and open a project. Change Sequence & Frame Size of Your Video in Premiere Pro In the following methods, we will take upscaling 1080p to 4K as an example to show you how to upscale a video in Premiere Pro. ![]() Even, you can increase video quality in Premiere Pro with some other help. You can also get the low quality video upscaled to 4K while preserving details. You can use it to stretch the image of a 1080p video to match the full screen of a 4K display. FAQs about Upscaling Video in Premiere Pro Part 1. Use Super Resolution Plugin in Premiere Pro Change Sequence & Frame Size of Your Video Here, this article will give a step-by-step guide to tell you how to upscale a video in Premiere Pro easily. You may also want to upscale video in Premiere Pro with enhanced image quality, including visual details, improved sharpness and clarity, polished colors, etc.Īs Premiere Pro is a professional video editing tool, you can use it to enlarge the video resolution, say 720p to 1080p or 1080p to 4K, and also improve the image quality. However, upscaling the video resolution probably is not the only thing you want. You can easily import a 1080p video to Premiere Pro and then output as a 4K resolution video. New Facebook bug exposed millions of photos.Threatening emails accusing you watching pornographic material and demanding payment.Holiday makers warned to avoid fraudulent flight ticket sellers as they use new tactics.Sextortion attempt using the name of the CIA.42% of used hard drives sold on eBay still contain sensitive data.Portugal is the 2nd country in the world most affected by spam and phishing.Gang of fraudsters jailed for 43 years following a Metropolitan Police investigation.Chinese police install secret surveillance app on tourist’s mobile phones.BEWARE EMAIL SCAM IN THE NAME OF FINANCES (TAX AND CUSTOMS AUTHORITY) CURRENTLY IN OPERATION.Combatting Fake News on Social Media in Portugal.Hackers put "monitoring implants" on iPhones for years.McAfee - Experts warn proud parents not to post photos of children online.Hundreds of millions of phone numbers linked to Facebook accounts have been found on-line.Sexual offences against children on the Internet increased 40% between January and October.New email scam targeting Netflix members seeks to steal personal information of the company’s subscriber.US and UK bust one of the worst cyber banking hacks in a decade, charging Russians in multi-million dollar scheme.Eighty Five users of Remote Hacking Tool (IM-RAT) targeted across Europe, Colombia and Australia.Phishing attempt in the name of FBE IC3.UK Tax warning - Fake HMRC Letters being sent to university students.Covid 19 Tips to avoid being scammed in purchasing items.EDP admits to being the target of a computer attack on its corporate network.Cybercrimes committed in Portugal have multiplied exponentially since the beginning of the covid-19.Cybersecurity alerts more than double to 138 in March.EUROPOL- ILLEGAL STREAMING SERVICE WILL 2 MILLION VIEWERS WORLD WIDE SWITCHED OFF.Cybersecurity incidents rise 101% in the 1st semester to 689 - CNCS.CTT Issues Alert over false emails using their name - Phishing attempt.Cybercrime Complaints Increased 182% in 2020.Portugal - Cyber attacks on organisations rose 81% in 2021 Check Point.With this data, criminals come in possession of sufficient data to achieve fraudulent wire transfers on behalf of the victims, causing damage that can amount to thousands of euros To give credibility they ask details of victims’ credit cards and they use these details to to install malicious software, through which they can obtain confidential data, or even remotely access your computer and changing the settings. They add that the problem can be solved by paying for alleged updates of the Windows system through purchasing support packages and other assistance. They give various pretexts, such as (i) infection by a virus (Ii) the system needs to be updated and that solving them requires the implementation of a series of instructions and commands, for which the employee is supposed offers to help. These phone calls, randomly directed, are from callers pretending to be officials from Microsoft IT security department, speaking in English, stating they wish to resolve your personal computer problems. “Over the past few days, there has been, a massive malware distribution attempt, beginning with fraudulent phone calls using abusively the company name Microsoft. On 20th February the judicial Police issued an alert following complaints concerning callers pretending to be from Microsoft The Android, iPhone, and Google smartphones have a unique feature that works similar to a Honda keyless entry in their 2018 SUVs. ![]() How to Troubleshoot or Fix a Keypad Lock on Android, iPhone, or Google Phone The app will keep track of when each key is used so you can track who is entering the home. Of course, this feature should not be shared with strangers, and you should never send a non-expiring key to anyone who doesn’t live in the house. This allows others to open the door, even if you’re not with them. You can also send “e-locks” to friends and family who need to get into the house. Through Bluetooth, the smart lock will recognize the phone and unlock the door. To open the door, wave your phone in front of the lock. Essentially, the smart lock app turns your phone into a key fob. Smart locks allow for keyless door entry and easy access to your home.Īfter the smart lock is installed on your door, you will be able to control the lock on the door through your phone. That being said, homeowners using smart locks often enjoy the perks that the door lock brings. If you’re debating between a smart key lock and a security camera, always choose the security camera. They are efficient, but not the most important smart device to have installed in your home. Smart locks are not required, and most home security systems offer smart locks as a premium device. It is also known as the "keyless entry door lock" because it works as a keyless entry system. If your smart lock is not working properly, here’s how you can fix it.Ī smart lock is a Bluetooth device that connects to a mobile app on any smartphone (including the iPhone, Samsung Galaxy, Google Pixel, or Android phone). However, the smart lock features are prone to malfunctioning since they’re a newer device on the market. Instead, homeowners are able to lock their doors through their Android, Google, or iPhone app. Smart locks create a way for homeowners to lock their doors through an app. You can lock and unlock the door remotely, meaning that you can open the door for visitors while you’re still on your way home. They replace the traditional lock with a smart device that has the ability to respond to a wireless signal from your phone. Smart locks are installed directly to the doors of your home. No matter the reason why a homeowner feels like locking the door isn’t important, homeowners who forget to lock their doors open their homes to the possibility of a home invasion.Ī smart lock is a security feature that has gained popularity in the past several years. Since we live in an era of burglary and home intrusions, these numbers are surprising. Another study showed that 63 percent of Americans only occasionally lock their doors. One of the most popular ways to protect a front door is by using a smart lock.Īccording to a survey done by HuffPost, 7 percent of Americans never lock their doors. The rest of intruders use side doors, sliding doors, back doors, and garage doors. ![]() Nearly half of all burglars use the front door to enter the house. The front door of your house is the most important place to protect. Good scores in high school can help advance your medical career. Selecting subjects like biology and English can prove beneficial, as these can help you familiarise yourself with human anatomy and also help develop the foundation for business communication. The minimum requirement for becoming a medical scribe is to complete high school. If you wish to start your career as a medical scribe, follow the below steps: 1. The communication occurs over highly secure lines, as the conversations involve sensitive information about the patient. These agencies are responsible for ensuring compliance and facilitate the interaction between doctors and scribes. Hospitals usually do this through an agency, although some employers may hire directly. Many hospitals are now hiring medical scribes remotely from countries like India to connect with the doctors via video or audio calls. In some scenarios, the medical scribe may also schedule appointments and procure lab reports for the doctor to analyse and interpret. They raise queries in the EHRs so doctors can track the patient's progress and decide the further course of treatment. Traditionally, these professionals assist doctors during patient visits and simultaneously record all information in EHRs. Related: Medical Records Technician: Definition, Duties And FAQs Where do medical scribes work? By performing their work well, a medical scribe helps improve the efficiency of the doctor-patient interaction and ensures the accuracy of important health records. By recording every event and treatment procedure, scribes allow doctors to concentrate on their patients while taking care of their clerical duties. Managers, often a nurse or a quality assurance specialist, monitor the work of medical scribes. ![]() The scribe records all information electronically, and their work is accessible to doctors who need to check the patient's medical track. However, they are not responsible for deciding the patient's treatment or their care. In case of any inconsistencies, they inform the doctors, help resolve the issue and even complete records. Because they are knowledgeable about medical terminologies and have some clinical experience, a medical scribe often writes as a doctor would, being sure to check for any errors. What is a medical scribe?Ī medical scribe is an assistant to the physician who is responsible for documenting patients' family and medical histories, treatments, allergies, lab results and any information dictated to them or relevant to the patient's visit. In this article, we answer "What is a medical scribe?", explain more about their work, discuss how to become one and provide other answers to frequently asked questions. To do so, hospitals started to hire medical scribes who act as partners to the doctors and help complete all documentation so they meet clerical compliance. This can add up to a lot of hours of clerical work and record keeping, and it has become important to provide doctors with help in this task. Scribes are essential in capturing the narrative of every patient visit.With the advent of electronic health records (EHR), it is necessary to document all details about patients and their treatment plan. They are in constant contact with the Doctor and can observe and hear everything the doctor experiences for a day. You work directly with the Doctor on a fixed schedule Scribes are part of the Doctor’s care team. Scribes are part of the medical care team. ![]() In this advanced process, Google technology enables a second person to experience what the Doctor observes and hears in another country and become the Doctor’s real-time assistant. It will save doctors to me for patient care. ![]() As the Doctor examines the patient, a third person named the medical scribe watches the examination through video call or Google lens or any other gadget and transcribes everything they see. So, to relieve documentation and clerical operation by doctors, there is an option that arrived, that is, medical scribing. But the advent of EHR (Electronic Health Record) created more documentation and clerical work. Traditionally Doctor has to do only patent care. Medical scribing is the latest revolutionary concept raised in modern medicine. How to find a good drum kit for FL Studio? While FL studio comes with its own pre-added basic drum kits it is completely free to add a custom drum kit to FL studio irrespective of where you got the drum kit for. Any which way, using a drum kit is a great way to save a lot of time and effort in music production.Ĭan I add drum kits to FL studio for free? If you are well averse to creating the sound you need for your music production, we suggest you create one in case you have the time required to do so.Īnd if any of the above metrics remains unchecked, you should look for a drum kit. Well, the answer can vary depending on the situation to situation. You must drag them into the playlist on your screen, and you can create magic!įrequently Asked Questions Should I use samples from drum kits or create my own sound? ![]() Once these kits are added to FL studio, using these sounds is very simple. You have learnt two separate methods to know how to add drum kits to FL studio 12, both of which can be used to import other sounds as well and will function identically. All of this will come in handy if you want to make things efficient, as with time, you will be collecting tons of these kits and packs! We suggest you do it according to the genre or the frequency you use a particular drum kit. Otherwise, you will be confused once you have a lot of packs in the FL studio browser.Īlso, the folder you store your drum kits (or other packs) should be organized properly. Make sure you name the directory properly. It is the same thing as we taught you in the first method, just that you should add individual drum kits in individual folders. Instead of adding individual drum kits or packs into FL studio, you should create a single main directory in the file tab. Though you have learnt how to add drum kits to FL studio 12, you don’t want to keep repeating the process every time you download a new pack. ![]() If music production is not just a hobby to you and you want to be a full-time music producer, you will need tons of drum kits (and other packs) in the FL studio while making music of your taste. Once you select the file settings, a new screen window will appear. On the toolbar, click on the “Options” menu then from the drop-down menu, go the “File Settings” under the system tab. Once you have opened FL studio on your system, learning how to add drum kits to FL studio 12 is a fairly easy task. And if you are using a macOS device- you simply have to double-tap, and the system will automatically unzip the file. To unzip a file, if you are using a windows device- right-click on the folder, and from the drop-down menu, choose the “unzip” option. In order to know how to add drum kits to FL studio 12, you will have to unzip the files as FL studio can obviously not read a zipped file. Once you download your desired drum kit, you will notice it is a zipped file. The choice is totally up to your need and preference. You can either purchase it from your favorite artist’s website or go to a website like Reddit and download free ones. The internet is full of downloadable drum kits. And depending on the need, a music producer might need more than one drum kit in their FL studio. If you have used a DAW previously, you must know that most applications like FL studio come with their own samples including drum kits so that you can get to producing music the moment you install a DAW on your system.īuy having multiple drum kits is essential for most music producers as the sound of most drum kits varies greatly. Now that you know everything, let us learn how to add drum kits to FL Studio 12.Īll you have to do is follow the steps mentioned below, and you will have learned how to add drum kits to FL studio 12 by the end of it. These sounds can be computer-generated through a MIDI or samples of an actual drum kit. These drum kits mostly contain 808s, claps, hi-hat, and snare sounds which are the most commonly used drum sounds and are the building blocks for beats and music production. ![]() ![]() These kits are extremely helpful for musicians who create their complete tracks in a DAW-like FL studio. < All folders How to Add Drum Kits to FL Studio 12ĭrum kits, also known as Drum sample packs, are a collection of short drum samples that are mostly used to create new beats while producing music. The program overlays NASA and USGS satellite imagery, aerial photography, topographic maps, Keyhole Markup Language (KML) and Collada files. Unlike Google Earth, WorldWind is an open source application, and has been quietly adding capabilities, thanks in large part to its connection with NASA and its. The WorldWind Java version was awarded NASA Software of the Year in November 2009. ![]() ![]() Provides a base class form several geometric Renderable s. Climate Change Gulf Stream current could collapse in 2025, plunging Earth into climate chaos: 'We were actually bewildered' News By Ben Turner published 25 July 2023 Researchers have predicted the. Ameriquest Field in Arlington satellite view. Amerikanisches Mittelmeer NASA World Wind Globe.jpg 1,600 × 1,050 753 KB. NET version, not a standalone virtual globe application in the style of Google Earth. public abstract class AbstractShape extends WWObjectImpl implements Highlightable, OrderedRenderable, Movable, Movable2, ExtentHolder, GeographicExtent, Exportable, Restorable, PreRenderable, Attributable, Draggable. Media in category 'NASA World Wind' The following 200 files are in this category, out of 3,972 total. The more recent Java version, WorldWind Java, is cross platform, a software development kit (SDK) aimed at developers and, unlike the old. NET Framework, which ran only on Microsoft Windows. World Wind, is an open source virtual globe technology providing the means to visualize, manipulate and analyze data in a real world virtual representation. JavaScript (Web), Java (Android, Desktop Java SE, and Server), C# (obsolete Windows/.NET)Ĭlose ▲ Animation showing atmosphere and shading effects in v1.4 USGS Urban Ortho-Imagery of Huntington Beach, California in older version of WorldWind (1.2) Rapid Fire MODIS – Hurricane Katrina A cyclone moving across the Indian Ocean (on normal cloud cover – not Rapid Fire MODIS) Moon – Hypsometric Map layer Mars (THEMIS layer) – Olympus Mons Hurricane Dean in NASA WorldWind Washington DC, Wikipedia point layer – icons link to Wikipedia articles ![]() Screenshot of WorldWind showing Blue Marble Next Generation layer ![]() If you get a larger refund or smaller tax due from another tax preparer, we'll refund the applicable TurboTax Live Full Service federal and/or state purchase price paid. Your expert will only sign and file your return if they believe it's 100% correct and you are getting your best outcome possible. Our TurboTax Live Full Service Guarantee means your tax expert will find every dollar you deserve.Printing or electronically filing your return reflects your satisfaction with TurboTax Online, at which time you will be required to pay or register for the product. Satisfaction Guaranteed: You may use TurboTax Online without charge up to the point you decide to print or electronically file your tax return.If we are not able to connect you to one of our tax professionals, we will refund the applicable TurboTax Live Business or TurboTax Live Full Service Business federal and/or state purchase price paid. We will not represent you before the IRS or state tax authority or provide legal advice. If you receive an audit letter from the IRS or State Department of Revenue on your 2022 TurboTax business return, we will provide one-on-one question-and-answer support with a tax professional, if requested through our Audit Support Center, for audited business returns filed with TurboTax for the current 2022 tax year. TurboTax Audit Support Guarantee – Business Returns.You are responsible for paying any additional tax liability you may owe. If you pay an IRS or state penalty or interest because of a TurboTax calculation error, we'll pay you the penalty and interest. ![]() 100% Accurate Calculations Guarantee – Business Returns.(TurboTax Free Edition customers are entitled to payment of $30.) This guarantee is good for the lifetime of your personal, individual tax return, which Intuit defines as seven years from the date you filed it with TurboTax. 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In Greek mythology EREBUS was conceived as a primordial deity, representing the personification of darkness. Before starting your appliance, the user manual should be read through carefully. Reticle readings, eye relief distances and shooting/ observation practices remain the same as in day time.įor increased shooting accuracy, with the large magnification sights, the sight is offered in a FAB (Field Adjustable Boresight) version equipped with elevation and azimuth (EL/AZ) controls as well as with Manual Gain Control capability. User manual for the Dreadbox Erebus V3 Semi-Modular Duophonic Analog contain basic instructions that need to be followed during installation and operation. ![]() With its 6.85-degree FOV, it is closer to the narrow FOV of most large magnification sights and a perfect match to the field of view of most laser range finders.ĭue to its exact, factory set, 1X magnification, EREBUS mounts with special mounting brackets on LRFs and day sights without affecting their bore sighting settings. Featuring the biggest objective lens among the fielded night vision attachments it offers the highest possible recognition and identification ranges when attached to sniper rifle sights and laser range finders. The seller will arrange the return pick up for these items.įor seller-fulfilled items from Sports collectibles and Entertainment collectibles categories, the sellers need to be informed of the damage / defect within 10 days of delivery.EREBUS is a Night Vision Clip-on Afocal Sight for mounting on top of optical day sights and laser range finders to provide night vision capability. These items are not eligible for self-return. Note: For seller fulfilled items from Books, Movies & TV Shows categories, the sellers need to be informed of the damage/ defect within 14 days of delivery.įor seller-fulfilled items from Fine Art category, the sellers need to be informed of the damage / defect within 10 days of delivery. The most popular Dreadbox product categories are: Synthesizers Not categorized The most popular products from Dreadbox today are: Dreadbox Typhon Dreadbox Erebus V3 Dreadbox. On Manua.ls there are currently 6 Dreadbox manuals divided into 3 categories. Learn more about returning seller fulfilled items. Then search via the search bar for Dreadbox and the model to find your Dreadbox manual. If you do not receive a response from the seller for your return request within two business days, you can submit an A-to-Z Guarantee claim. If you’ve received a seller-fulfilled product in a condition that is damaged, defective or different from its description on the product detail page on Amazon.in, returns are subject to the seller's approval of the return. The return timelines for seller-fulfilled items sold on Amazon.in are equivalent to the return timelines mentioned above for items fulfilled by Amazon. On the basis of the technician's evaluation report, we will provide resolution. Before returning a Tablet, the device should be formatted and screen lock should be disabled.įor few products, we may schedule a technician visit to your location. Please keep the item in its original condition, with brand outer box, MRP tags attached, user manual, warranty cards, CDs and original accessories in manufacturer packaging for a successful return pick-up. Brands -HP, Lenovo, AMD, Intel, Seagate, Crucial Replacement for defective products, products with quality issues cannot be provided if the brand has not confirmed the same through a letter/email. ![]() If the product is confirmed as defective by the brand then customer needs to get letter/email confirming the same and submit to Amazon customer service to seek replacement. by Robin Vincent Approximate reading time: 1 Minute Dreadbox Erebus V3 Special Edition Source: Dreadbox We first saw the Erebus V3 at Superbooth last year and now Dreadbox has released a special edition version to match (presumably) the fabulous 1980s stylings of the Hypnosis multi-effects unit. ![]() Analog Desktop Synthesizer Semi-Modular with 35-Point Patchpay. In case of defective, product quality related issues for brands listed below, customer will be required to approach the brands’ customer service center and seek resolution. Dreadbox Erebus V3 Semi-Modular Duophonic Analog Synthesizer. features: analog duophonic synthesizer 3 oscillators auto tuning function unique triple ring modulator. This item is eligible for free replacement, within 7 days of delivery, in an unlikely event of damaged or different item delivered to you. Tablets (new and certified refurbished) 7 Days Replacement ![]() The findings were published in the Journal of Morphology.Īshley R. ![]() “Due to the confounding of vocalization repertoire and phylogenetic history in living Felidae, we cannot distinguish between morphological signals related to vocalization behavior and those related to shared evolutionary history unrelated to vocalization.” “Thus Panthera atrox may have roared and Smilodon fatalis may have produced vocalizations similar to extant purring cats but at a lower frequency.” “Based on the shape of the hyoid elements, Panthera atrox resembled roaring cats, while Smilodon fatalis was quite variable and, contrary to suggestions from previous research, more similar overall to purring felids.” “ Panthera atrox and Smilodon fatalis had larger and more robust hyoids than living cats, potentially reflecting the ability to produce lower frequency vocalizations as well as more substantial muscles associated with swallowing and respiration.” So having these key hyoid bones shaped like those of purring cats could indicate that they purred rather than roared. The uniformity of the upper bones between the two groups suggests that if the hyoid structure plays a role in vocalization, the lower bones are more important than the upper ones. In fact, the researchers saw more shape variation in the bones closer to the vocal apparatus i.e., the thyrohyoid and basihyoid bones. However, those bones looked very similar in shape whether they came from purring or roaring cats. ![]() Some of them are shaped more like those of purring cats, but much bigger.”Īccording to the researchers, if the missing bones (called epihyoid bones) were key to different vocalizations, the bones most closely connected to them should look different between the two groups. They’re missing extra bones that purring cats have, but the shape and size of the hyoid bones are distinct. “You can argue that since the sabertooths only have seven bones they roared, but that’s not the whole story,” Professor Hartstone-Rose said. The researchers compared the hyoid structures of four species of roaring cats (lions, tigers, leopards and jaguars) and five species of purring cats (cougars, cheetahs, caracals, servals and ocelots) to 105 hyoid bones from Smilodon fatalis and one from Panthera atrox. “That relationship between the number of bones and the sound produced hasn’t ever really been proven.” “But when we looked at the anatomy of modern cats, we realized that there isn’t really hard evidence to support this idea, since the bones themselves aren’t responsible for the vocalization.” “Because saber-toothed tigers only have seven bones in their hyoid structure, the argument has been that of course they roared,” Professor Hartstone-Rose said. “The missing bones are located toward the top of the hyoid structure near where it connects to the skull.” student at North Carolina State University. “While humans have only one hyoid bone, purring cats have nine bones linked together in a chain and roaring cats have seven,” said Ashley Deutsch, a Ph.D. “And the size, shape and number of those bones differ between modern roaring and purring cats.”Īlthough vocalization is driven by the larynx and soft tissue in the throat, not bones, anatomists noticed that the bones responsible for anchoring those tissues in place - the hyoid bones - differed in size and number between roaring and purring cats. “That’s important because the debate over the kind of vocalization a sabertooth tiger would have made relies upon analyzing the anatomy of a handful of tiny bones located in the throat.” “This means that lions are more closely related to housecats than either are to sabertooths.” “Evolutionarily speaking, sabertooths split off the cat family tree before these other modern groups did,” North Carolina State University’s Professor Adam Hartstone-Rose. ![]() Modern cats belong to one of two groups: either the pantherine ‘big cats,’ including the roaring lions, tigers and jaguars or Felinae ‘little cats,’ which include purring cats like lynxes, cougars, ocelots and domestic cats. |
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